What are echinocandins primarily used to treat?

Echinocandins are primarily used to treat invasive candidiasis and Aspergillus infections because they target the synthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan, a crucial component of the fungal cell wall. This mechanism makes them effective against various species of Candida, which can lead to serious bloodstream infections, and also against Aspergillus, especially in immunocompromised patients.

The efficacy of echinocandins in treating these conditions is significant, as they provide an alternative to other antifungal classes, especially in cases where resistance to other agents may be present. Their safety profile and reduced side effects compared to some systemic antifungals further support their use in treating invasive fungal infections.

Other options do not align with the primary indications for echinocandins. Skin infections and athlete's foot typically respond well to topical treatments. Systemic toxicity and bacterial infections are outside the spectrum of echinocandin action, as these agents are specifically designed for fungal infections. Similarly, oral thrush and tinea corporis, while related to fungal infections, are more commonly treated with other antifungal agents, such as azoles or topical treatments, rather than echinocandins.