What is a common adverse effect of amphotericin B?

Renal toxicity is a well-recognized common adverse effect of amphotericin B, which is an antifungal agent frequently used to treat serious fungal infections. The mechanism by which amphotericin B induces renal damage primarily involves its interaction with the lipid components of the renal cell membranes and the resultant oxidative harm. This can lead to a decrease in renal blood flow and can ultimately affect the kidney's ability to concentrate urine, potentially resulting in conditions such as hypokalemia and renal tubular acidosis.

Clinicians monitor renal function closely, especially when administering amphotericin B, as the risk is significant, particularly with high doses or prolonged therapy. While the other options present some potential side effects associated with various medications, they are not commonly linked with amphotericin B. For example, hyperglycemia is not a typical adverse effect of amphotericin, nor are hypotension and vision changes standard concerns with its use. Understanding these unique properties of amphotericin B can guide safe and effective patient management.